481–843
- The Frankish Empire was split into three empires in 843 in the Treaty of Verdun, West Francia to Charles the Bald, Middle Francia to Lothair I, and East Francia to Louis the German.
- The Treaty of Prüm in 855 divided Middle Francia upon the death of Lothair I with his three sons,
- Louis II to Italy
- Lothair II to the new Kingdom of Upper Burgundy, which was later renamed to the Kingdom of Lotharingia
- Charles of Provence, the nephew to Charles the Bald, to the new the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy (or the official the Kingdom of Provence.)
- East and Wesk Frankia remained the same.
- Upon the death of Charles the Provence, his kingdom, the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy, was partitioned between his brothers in 863.
- Lothair II, king of Lotharingia, received the western parts of the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy, with Louis II, the king of Italy, receiving the rest.
- There was no treaty for this.
- This division eventually failed, with the Treaty of Meerssen in 870, having West Francia absorbing the western half of the Kingdom of Lotharingia and East Francia absorbing the eastern half of the Kingdom of Lotharingia, and Italy absorbing the rest of the southern parts.
- East Francia eventually became the Holy Roman Empire and West Francia absorbing Middle Francia, beginning the Kingdom of France.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Meerssen?useskin=vector